Chapter+3

** 2nd Declension Masculine Nouns ** Masculine nouns in 2nd Declension end in -us, -er, or –ir. The genitive singular form of these nouns is –i. Formula for forming 2nd Declension nouns:  Base of the noun + 2nd Declension Masculine Endings = Noun form  2nd Declension Masculine Endings
 * || Singular || || Plural || ||
 * Nominative || -us, -er, -ir || servus || -i || servi ||
 * Genitive || -i || servi || -orum || servorum ||
 * Dative || -o || servo || -is || servis ||
 * Accusative || -um || servum || -os || servos ||
 * Ablative || -o || servo || -is || servis ||

***Vir is the only 2nd Declension noun that ends in –ir.*** ***Some –er nouns keep the –e, but others do not keep the –e. The genitive singular form will always be given to show if the –e is maintained.***

Masculine adjective forms must be used in agreement with masculine nouns. All nouns ending in –us, -er, or –ir are masculine and adjectives agreeing with these nouns should have masculine endings.

PAIN WORDS  A few words in first declension are also masculine and must have masculine adjectives agreeing with them. The following 1st Declension words are masculine: __P__oeta, __A__gricola, __I__ncola, __N__auta

Use the word PAIN to remember these words.

Questions and Answers  1. Questions introduced by an Interrogative Pronoun, Adjective, or Adverb: 


 * Ubi? || Where? When? || Unde? || Where from? Whence? ||
 * Quo? || Where to? || Cur? || Why? ||
 * Qualis? || What kind of? || Quando? || When? ||
 * Quis? || Who? || Quid? || What? ||

 2. Questions with a yes or no answer:  - When a question is merely seeking information and may be answered by either yes or no, attach “-ne” to the first word in the sentence.  Example: Ambulat__ne__? Translation: Does he walk ? Is he walking?

- When a question is asked that expects the answer “yes”, place the word “nonne” at the beginning of the sentence. <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times New Roman; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="font-size: 120%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Example: __Nonne__ ambulat? Translation: He walks, doesn't he?

- When a question is asked that expects the answer “no”, place the word “num” at the beginning of the sentence. <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times New Roman; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="font-size: 120%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Example: Num ambulat? Translation: He does not walk, does he? He is not walking, is he?

3. Answers in Latin are not usually made with one word. If the answer is “yes”, the verb of the sentence is usually repeated. If the answer is “no”, the verb of the sentence plus **non** is usually repeated. Sometimes, words like **ita** or **sic** (so), **certe** (certainly), or **minime** (not at all) where used to answer questions. <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times New Roman; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="font-size: 120%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Ambulatne? Yes. Ambulat. (Certe.) Num ambulat? No. Non ambulat. (Minime.)