Chapter+8

example: **//voco, vocare//** (verb infinitive: to call) = call The verb stem of 1st conjugation verbs is formed by subtracting “re” from the verb infinitive:
 * 1st Conjugation Verbs ** 
 * vocare – re = voca**

The present indicative active forms of 1st conjugation verbs are formed by the following formula:

Verb stem + Regular Verb Endings = Form  **2nd Conjugation Verbs **  example: **//moneo, monere//** = warn The verb stem of 2nd conjugation verbs is formed by subtracting “re” from the verb infinitive:
 * < Singular ||< ||< ||< ||< ||
 * < First ||< voca (drop a) + o ||< = ||< voco ||< I call ||
 * < Second ||< voca + s ||< = ||< vocas ||< You (sing.) call ||
 * < Third ||< voca + t ||< = ||< vocat ||< He, She, It calls ||
 * < Plural ||< ||< ||< ||< ||
 * < First ||< voca + mus ||< = ||< vocamus ||< We call ||
 * < Second ||< voca + tis ||< = ||< vocatis ||< You (pl.) call ||
 * < Third ||< voca + nt ||< = ||< vocant ||< They call ||
 * < Third ||< voca + nt ||< = ||< vocant ||< They call ||
 * monere – re = mone**

The present indicative active forms of 2nd conjugation verbs are formed by the following formula:

Verb stem + Regular Verb Endings = Form 
 * Singular || || || || ||
 * First || mone + o || = || moneo || I warn ||
 * Second || mone + s || = || mones || You (sing.) warn ||
 * Third || mone + t || = || monet || He, She, It warns ||
 * Plural || || || || ||
 * First || mone + mus || = || monemus || We warn ||
 * Second || mone + tis || = || monetis || You (pl.) warn ||
 * Third || mone + nt || = || monent || They warn ||
 * Third || mone + nt || = || monent || They warn ||

**3rd Conjugation Verbs **  example: **//rego,regere//** = to rule The verb stem of 3rd conjugation verbs is formed by subtracting “re” from the verb infinitive and changing the short –e to an –i, except in the third person plural where it becomes a –u, and in the first person singular where it is absorbed by the -o:
 * regere – re = reg(e) – (e) + i/u**

The present indicative active forms of 3rd conjugation verbs are formed by the following formula:

Verb stem + Regular Verb Endings = Form   **<span style="font-size: 18pt; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; msobidifontsize: 10.0ptmso-bidi-font-size;">3rd Conjugation -io Verbs ** <span style="display: block; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times New Roman; text-align: center; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt;">example: **//capio, capere//** = to take <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times New Roman; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">In the present tense the conjugation of 3rd –io verbs differs from that of regular 3rd Conjugation verbs in the first person singular and the third person plural, where the –i appears before the usual ending.
 * Singular || || || || ||
 * First || rege(-e) + o || = || rego || I rule ||
 * Second || rege(i) + s || = || regis || You (sing.) rule ||
 * Third || rege(i) + t || = || regit || He, She, It rules ||
 * Plural || || || || ||
 * First || rege(i) + mus || = || regemus || We rule ||
 * Second || rege(i) + tis || = || regetis || You (pl,) rule ||
 * Third || rege(u) + nt || = || regunt || They rule ||
 * Third || rege(u) + nt || = || regunt || They rule ||

The present indicative active forms of 3rd conjugation -io verbs are formed by the following formula:

Verb stem + Regular Verb Endings = Form <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times New Roman; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; msotabcount: 7;"> <span style="display: block; font-size: 18pt; font-family: Times New Roman; text-align: center; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt;"> **<span style="font-size: 18pt; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; msobidifontsize: 10.0ptmso-bidi-font-size;"> 4th Conjugation Verbs ** <span style="display: block; font-size: 18pt; font-family: Times New Roman; text-align: center; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt;"> <span style="display: block; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times New Roman; text-align: center; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt;">example: //**audio, audire**// = to hear <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times New Roman; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"> The verb stem of 4th conjugation verbs is formed by subtracting “re” from the verb infinitive:
 * Singular || || || || ||
 * First || cape(i) + o || = || capio || I take ||
 * Second || cape(i) + s || = || capis || You (sing.) take ||
 * Third || cape(i) + t || = || capit || He, She, It takes ||
 * Plural || || || || ||
 * First || cape(i) + mus || = || capimus || We take ||
 * Second || cape(i) + tis || = || capitis || You (pl.) take ||
 * Third || cape(i)(u) + nt || = || capiunt || They take ||
 * Third || cape(i)(u) + nt || = || capiunt || They take ||
 * audire – re = audi**

The present indicative active forms of 2nd conjugation verbs are formed by the following formula:

Verb stem + Regular Verb Endings = Form <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Times New Roman; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; msotabcount: 7;">
 * Singular || || || || ||
 * First || audi + o || = || audio || I hear ||
 * Second || audi + s || = || audis || You (sing.) hear ||
 * Third || audi + t || = || audit || He, She, It hears ||
 * Plural || || || || ||
 * First || audi + mus || = || audimus || We hear ||
 * Second || audi + tis || = || auditis || You (pl.) hear ||
 * Third || audi(u) + nt || = || audiunt || They hear ||
 * Third || audi(u) + nt || = || audiunt || They hear ||