Chapter+10

Infinitives (Continued) 3. Infinitives with Accusative (Objective Infinitives):

Verbs such as **//iubeo//** (order), //**prohibeo**// (keep away), //**doceo**// (teach), //**desidero**// (long for), //**veto**// (forbid), may have an infinitive as object, with a noun or pronoun in the accusative that may be regarded as the subject of the infinitive –  **//Agricola servos laborare jubet//**. The farmer //orders// the slaves //to work//.

Imperative Mood  //Imperative Mood// is used to express commands:

1. When giving a command to one person, the present stem is used, formed by dropping the –**//re//** off the present active infinitive:

1st Conjugation: vocare – re = voca = imperative singular = call 2nd Conjugation: monere – re = mone = warn 3rd Conjugation: regere – re = rege = rule 4th Conjugation: audire – re = audi = hear

2. When giving a command to more than one person, -//**te**// is added to the present stem, but in 3rd Conjugation, the short stem vowel –//**e**// changes to short –//**i**// before -//**te**//:  Boys, //hurry//! **//Properate//**, pueri!

1st Conjugation voca + te = vocate = imperative plural = call 2nd Conjugation mone + te = monete = warn 3rd Conjugation rege – e + i + te = regite = rule 4th Declension audi + te = audite = audite

*Irregular Present Imperative Singular – 5 Verbs*

dico, dicere, to say - //**dic! dicite!**// duco, ducere, to lead - **//duc! ducite!// **facio, facere, to make - **fac! facite!** fero, ferre, to bring - **fer! ferte!** sum, esse, to be - **es! este!**

 3. To give a negative command, use noli with the present infinitive if the subject is singular; nolite, if plural, both translated be unwilling or don’t:

<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Don't fear, Mary! //**Noli timere, Maria**//! <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Don't fear, boys! //**Nolite timere, pueri**//!